Meng Lu's home page / computing / installing and configuring / Installing and configuring pkgsrc
  1. Intro to pkgsrc
  2. Install, configure, manage pkgsrc and software packages in it
  3. Configuration file mk.conf for "bootstrapping"
  4. Uninstalling pkgsrc and softwares installed by it
  5. References

Intro to pkgsrc

pkgsrc is a package management system for Unix-like operating systems. It supports OS X. Therefore, it's an viable alternative to Homebrew and Macports, which are the most widely used package management systems on Mac computers. I originally became interested in trying pkgsrc because some softwares I would like to install are not available via Homebrew.

Install, configure, manage pkgsrc and software packages in it

Installing and configuring pkgsrc on macOS (64-bit, version 10.9 or later)

The following is based on https://pkgsrc.joyent.com/install-on-osx/.

  • Copy and paste the lines below to install the 64-bit 10.9+ set.

      BOOTSTRAP_TAR="bootstrap-trunk-x86_64-20170205.tar.gz"
  BOOTSTRAP_SHA="177e0be390b57ef9d7f61511a8169268000693df"

  • Download the bootstrap kit to the current directory.

      curl -O https://pkgsrc.joyent.com/packages/Darwin/bootstrap/${BOOTSTRAP_TAR}

  • Verify the SHA1 checksum.

      echo "${BOOTSTRAP_SHA}  ${BOOTSTRAP_TAR}" >check-shasum
  shasum -c check-shasum

  • Verify PGP signature. This step is optional, and requires gpg.

      curl -O https://pkgsrc.joyent.com/packages/Darwin/bootstrap/${BOOTSTRAP_TAR}.asc
  gpg --recv-keys 0x1F32A9AD
  gpg --verify ${BOOTSTRAP_TAR}{.asc,}

  • Install bootstrap kit to /opt/pkg

      sudo tar -zxpf ${BOOTSTRAP_TAR} -C /

  • Reload PATH/MANPATH (pkgsrc installs /etc/paths.d/10-pkgsrc for new sessions)

      eval $(/usr/libexec/path_helper)

Installing pkgsrc on Ubuntu Linux

TODO

Installing softwares

There are three ways of installing softwares using pkgsrc:

  1. The most typical method is to build a software from source files, a.k.a. "bootstrapping";
  2. Another possibly easier method is to install and uninstall pre-built softwares using commands pkg_add and pkg_delete, respectively;
  3. Install softwares using the high-level tool pkgin. It's the facsimile of Ubuntu and Debian Linux's apt-get in pkgsrc.

Use pkgsrc to install softwares

Use pkgsrc to install some softwares that Homebrew can't.

  • Refresh the pkgin database with the latest version

      $ sudo pkgin -y update

  • Search for a package. Regular expressions are supported.

      $ pkgin search "^ffmpeg[0-9]$"
  ffmpeg3-3.0.1   Decoding, encoding and streaming software (v3.x)
  ffmpeg2-2.8.6   Decoding, encoding and streaming software (v2.x)
  ffmpeg1-1.2.12  Decoding, encoding and streaming software (v1.x)

  • Install a package without prompting

      $ sudo pkgin -y install ffmpeg3

  • List all available packages

      $ pkgin avail

  • Upgrade all out-of-date packages

      $ sudo pkgin -y full-upgrade

  • Remove a package

      $ sudo pkgin -y remove ffmpeg2

  • Automatically remove orphaned dependencies

      $ sudo pkgin -y autoremove

Use pkg_* tools to manage packages

  • See what packages are installed.

      $ pkg_info

  • See what package a file belongs to.

      $ pkg_info -Fe /opt/pkg/bin/node
  nodejs-4.4.3

  • List the contents of a package.

      $ pkg_info -qL nodejs
  /opt/pkg/bin/node
  /opt/pkg/bin/npm
  [...]

  • Perform an audit of all currently installed packages.

      $ sudo pkg_admin fetch-pkg-vulnerabilities
  $ pkg_admin audit
  Package jasper-1.900.1nb11 has a integer-overflow vulnerability, see http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2008-3520
  Package samba-3.6.25nb3 has a privilege-escalation vulnerability, see https://www.samba.org/samba/security/CVE-2015-5299.html
  Package tiff-4.0.6 has a arbitrary-memory-access vulnerability, see http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/537205
  [...]

  • Create a binary package from some metadata files and package directory.

      $ pkg_create -B build-info -c comment -d description -f packlist -I /opt/pkg -p files/ -U foo-1.0.tgz

Configuration file mk.conf for "bootstrapping"

After running

pkgsrc/bootstrap

it creates a example configuration file ../pkgsrc/bootstrap/work/mk.conf.example:

# Example /usr/pkg/etc/mk.conf file produced by bootstrap-pkgsrc
# Sat Feb  7 20:20:18 PST 2015

.ifdef BSD_PKG_MK   # begin pkgsrc settings

PKGSRC_COMPILER=    clang
CC=         clang
CXX=            clang++
CPP=            ${CC} -E
CLANGBASE=      /usr

PKG_DBDIR=      /var/db/pkg
LOCALBASE=      /usr/pkg
VARBASE=        /var
PKG_TOOLS_BIN=      /usr/pkg/sbin
PKGINFODIR=     info
PKGMANDIR=      man

TOOLS_PLATFORM.awk?=        /usr/pkg/bin/nawk
TOOLS_PLATFORM.sed?=        /usr/pkg/bin/nbsed

.endif          # end pkgsrc settings

Here is a version that is customized and installed at /usr/pkg/etc/mk.conf:

.ifdef BSD_PKG_MK       # begin pkgsrc settings

ABI=                    64
PKGSRC_COMPILER=        clang
CC=                     clang
CXX=                    clang++
CPP=                    ${CC} -E
CLANGBASE=              /usr

PKG_DBDIR=              /usr/pkg/.pkgdb
LOCALBASE=              /usr/pkg
VARBASE=                /var
PKG_TOOLS_BIN=          /usr/pkg/sbin
PKGINFODIR=             info
PKGMANDIR=              man

TOOLS_PLATFORM.awk?=    /usr/pkg/bin/nawk
TOOLS_PLATFORM.sed?=    /usr/pkg/bin/nbsed

MULTILIB_SUPPORTED=     no

PREFER.openssl=         pkgsrc

X11_TYPE=               native
X11BASE=                /opt/X11

.if !empty(PKGPATH:Mmail/mutt-devel)
PKG_OPTIONS.mutt+=      mutt-hcache mutt-smtp ncursesw sasl
.endif

.endif                  # end pkgsrc settings

Uninstalling pkgsrc and softwares installed by it

Delete the following directories:

sudo rm -rf /usr/pkg
sudo rm -rf /var/db/pkg*

and possibly also the source files if you used the first method:

sudo rm -rf /path/to/pkgsrc

References

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